Overpopulation, is a condition of being populated with excessively large numbers. It is a problem that the world needs to deal with, this condition which has persisted for quite a few years now has been causing extensively dangerous changes to the economies of this world. There are different definitions of the term “overpopulation” in relation to humanity and its habitat on earth. In a spatial context, we speak of global, regional or even local overpopulation. In a qualitative dimension, there are differing perceptions and assessment criteria as to how high the sustainability of certain habitats or the whole earth is for humans, so that there are differing views on the population densities and sizes of overpopulation. A very broad definition of overpopulation provides for this condition when the population in question considers a sustainable way of life (the term "sustainability" was attached to the UN conference in Rio in the context of Agenda 21 in 1992) in the lifestyle that it desires because of the population size the available habitat is no longer possible. A very narrow definition provides for the existence of an overpopulation only when food, water or energy bottlenecks have already occurred and the immediate viability of the population concerned is threatened in whole or in part. Though it has had positive effects on few economies but still has had a negative impact of a larger magnitude on others, because of the excessive negative impacts of overpopulation on the economies and to the world, overpopulation is said to be always negative. Since the modern age, the number of people has grown faster. If this development had continued into the present, about 16 billion people would now live on Earth. In recent decades, the speed has declined, but currently 7.47 billion people live on our planet, according to the German Foundation for World Population (DSW). An assessment by the United Nations last year is based on the assumption that population growth will continue to weaken. For 2100, UN experts expect a world population of 11.2 billion, in an extreme case 16 billion. Then, according to the forecast, the number will go back. Because more and more women worldwide receive on average less than 2.1 children - the number that is necessary to keep the population stable.

The “term” overpopulation was anchored in the public by the British economist Thomas Robert Malthus towards the end of the 18th century. Malthus published his population theory 1798 in his book Essay on the Principle of Population. He assumed that the population grew exponentially, while food production could only rise linearly as a result of technical progress. Insofar as the population growth is not limited by low birth rates or high mortality, population populations would inevitably threaten - the population would grow beyond the food supply and poverty and hunger catastrophe would be the result. In the 1970s the subject was again attracted by Donald and Dennis L. Meadows, commissioned by the Club of Rome, the study of The Boundaries of Growth as well as by Paul R. Ehrlich (The Population Bomb and Others). It was popular with parts of the environmental movement and is often discussed today with regard to climate change. 

In the Tehran Proclamation, the International Conference on Human Rights adopted a passage on May 13, 1968, which stated that every couple should have the basic right to freely decide the number of children and the distances between births. This was confirmed by the action programs of the World Population Conference in 1974 (Bucharest), 1984 (Mexico City) and 1994 (Cairo). In the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (Women's Convention), the right to family planning was vindicated for the first time in 1979. Whether or not to slow down population growth in the poorer developing countries depends on political decisions. The main focus of this action program is the qualitative and quantitative improvement of reproductive health care, including family planning, and the "empowerment" of women, i.e. the strengthening of their legal, economic and social position.

A study from Harvard, which describes a scenario from “1930’s where the per capita GDP of the designated country was taken into consideration and then was compared to the change in GDP after a sudden rise in population in the 1950’s”, shows how overpopulation can be considered positive. The author takes this research and reads all the facts presented through it to make a conclusion about the effects of overpopulation on the economies of this world, the author mentions in his research how the GDP of the country suddenly boosted because of overpopulation. The research clearly mentions all the numbers and facts to conclude, sometimes overpopulation can cause a positive effect as well. Among number of situations, the above mentioned situation was one of the only two proofs that proved overpopulation can be positive, overpopulation has been literary feeding on planet Earth which is the reason behind scarcity of resources which is the most basic and the most important reason for the economies of this world to degrade. Africa is a country that is another example which provides an insight towards the positive effects of overpopulation on an economy. It is one of the two examples which are proofs to the positive effects of overpopulation. An article by Ntagungira, Godfrey, “The Case of over Population and Economic Growth” show the condition of the country before and after overpopulation, it provides readers with facts and information to show how overpopulation can be considered positive. The article provides statistics about overpopulation in Africa and highlights the magnitude of change and shows the positive effects of overpopulation. It briefly explains how the governments of Africa were able to use overpopulation positively toward the growth of their economies in terms of quality living, technological advances and availability of basic amenities to the poor. The condition of overpopulation in Africa provided cheap labour and various other amenities at a cheaper price which made it possible for the growth of an economy to go smoothly. An example for that is the densely populated African country of Rwanda, where the birth rate in 2007 was about six children per pair, there are plans for a "three-child policy". In addition, the child's mortality rate has been drastically reduced, the life expectancy increased, and the average number of children decreased from 6.1 in 2005 to 4.6 (2010) as a result of a strong expansion of the health care system and a targeted education of the population.

An article from Lozeau Brandon counters the idea of positive effects of overpopulation by providing facts and information about two most populated countries with failed economies with degrading resources in this world, India and China. Though these countries have flourished and are considered two of the biggest countries in the world, because of the large amount of population of these countries they have had severe effects on their economies. India and China have failed to provide healthy living conditions to the poor, they have tried controlling their birth rate but by persuading people to not have their children, India has been in a debt trap since decades and have constantly failed to come out of it, this condition has only one reason behind it, overpopulation. Beaten and falling economies of these countries provide a proof to counter the argument made by the first source. Overpopulation has caused many unrealized horrors which are generally not considered as important as they should be taken as. Overpopulation has caused global warming, extinction, failing of economies and has taken this world one step to closer to its destruction. Due to the heavy overpopulation in India, the Minister of Health and Welfare proposed to push the electrification and distribution of televisions in rural areas, thereby preventing people from having sex and reducing population growth. The goal of the Indian government was to achieve a birth rate of no more than two children per family, which is mainly aimed at educating and distributing preventive means. In 2013, North India issued a price list. There one could win cars, washing machines, televisions, etc., if one voluntarily sterilized. In the People's Republic of China, the most populous country in the world, the one-child policy has been legally anchored by the state since the early 1970s. On one hand, it was implemented with benefits for one-child families, on the other hand with disadvantages for families with more than one child; Especially in the initial phase there have also been forced sterilizations and forced abortions. This one-child policy could severely slow down population growth in China, but also raise new social problems. Thus, because of the traditional desire to have a male successor, so many girls were selectively aborted that the gender distribution was shifted to a surplus of boys. At the end of October 2015, the Central Committee of the Communist Party officially declared that the one-child policy ended. In future, each couple may have two children.

An article by Haberman, “The Unrealized Horrors of Population Explosion”, shows and informs people about various horrors which overpopulation has caused to this world. The article provides various examples of the unrealized horrors of overpopulation towards the economies of this world, it mentions how this overgrown population is resulting in the increase of mouths to feed and how the economies of these countries are constantly failing to cope-up with these sudden changes and provide general amenities to the poor. The article mentions that because of overpopulation and because of the climate shift, it has been impossible for the economies to produce enough food to feed its population. He gives insights to how people often find out how to feed people despite of the increasing numbers but also, he mentions, “in the future there will be no possibility to find a way out and that would be the doom for us all.” The author talks about how overpopulation is not only a dangerous condition for the economy but also for the Earth, the article provides information and proofs that overpopulation has caused climate change, that it has been building pressure on Earth because of extensive construction which at the end results in natural disasters, concluding the downfall of economies. Also, after reading all the sources for that were used for the research of this article, they seemed to have common conclusions and claims that overpopulation is harmful to humans in every possible way, the article always concludes with a fact that overpopulation is harmful for the environment, which eventually will affect the human life on Earth. According to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, Deforestation is caused by poverty, land grabbing and strong population growth in the affected regions. In many poorer African countries the forest stock has declined sharply in recent decades. The people there are mostly farmers in subsistence farming. However, due to the strong population growth they were no longer able to feed their families from the available farmland, which led to clearing. However, the forest protected the land from soil erosion, so that in the long term an even greater loss of arable land is to be feared. The loss of forests worldwide has a significant impact on the lives of people in poor countries, as the forest protects against flooding of the soil, floods and avalanches. It is also often the most important source of fuel and most of it is cooked on wood.

Contemporary articles that have been used to provide information about overpopulation act as evidence to prove that overpopulation is always negative and as more evidence more of these contemporary periodicals provide a huge magnitude of evidence to prove that overpopulation will create a doom for us all in the near future. One of these articles provide information about problems that have not been talked about in other articles. This source mentions problems like urban sprawl, the amount of waste humans produce, agricultural waste and extinction. The source mentions how overpopulation has caused danger to 30,000 species being extinct every year. The author talks about climate change and says “When it comes to tackling climate change and extreme weather, we ignore the main cause that is overpopulation.” The mentions this and explains that whatever the world is going through it is solely because of overpopulation. Another contemporary periodical establishes criteria and characterizes consequences related to overpopulation. The author of this article works to prove her point that overpopulation is still the problem that humankind should consider tackling instead of wasting its time on other problems. Overpopulation has been characterized negative overall by most of the writers of this who have credibility and authority to prove so. Overpopulation is harmful and should be dealt with in near future otherwise this will result to create a doom for us all. 

Another source which is a ted talk talks about Health and Human Mind and gives information to the listeners about the ill effects of overpopulation in a sarcastic way, which eventually makes all the listeners realize it in a better way. The speaker explains how overpopulation can only be tackled through ways that are impossible to be done through recent advances in technology, the way he speaks make’s the listeners to think extensively about overpopulation to finally conclude that there is no possible way to avoid the harmful effects of overpopulation. The speaker explains how overpopulation causes harm to the economies and concludes that its effects are extensively on the negative side. He mentions a solution to reduce overpopulation to eradicate all the problems related to overpopulation, he says “to decrease/reduce the size of the human body by a recognizable amount is The Solution to overpopulation” which when heard sounds impossible and illogical. He mentions that it is the only possible way to deal with overpopulation. He concludes with the above statement and helps the research question to be answered that overpopulation is always negative. There are certain possible solutions to the problem of overpopulation but they are very extreme and can only be performed in a perfect world, this source mentions solutions to the problem of overpopulation which then will only show the positive impacts of it to the world which will then be categorized as positive. The solution the author/speaker mentions are only possible in a perfect world, the ted talk mentions how the feeding problem can be tackled and solved through technology and also mentions various ideas to solve various other problems related to overpopulation. He also mentions that to perform these solutions the world should be a perfect place but obviously, this is not possible as it is not a perfect world. Therefore, it can be concluded that overpopulation is always negative. This source provides a unique way to tackle the thinking of people and helps in creating awareness about overpopulation which motivates others to inform others about this problem. It is extensively important for people to know about this situation and should be controlled sooner or later. 

One of the sources for the research also represents how overpopulation is not at all a problem but what is required is only good economic institutions to tackle to these problems, this source mentions feeding people and growing economy of a country is not a problem if there properly established economic institutions, though this has not been seen to happen and still the world is a mess which falling economies, all the sources mention some positive effects of overpopulation but mostly gives the negative impacts. Overpopulation overall hasn’t had a positive impact of a huger magnitude but has had a negative impact all over the world which can conclude that overpopulation is negative and does not have a proper solution to it. The source also explains how humans are the most intelligent species on the earth and how they can figure out problems to live in a perfect world, the author believes that human will be able to come up with solutions if any problems arise. The article was written 15 years back and obviously according to the current situation of the world has failed to prove any point rather help the research question to be answered that overpopulation is always negative and does not have any real solution to it and that if not controlled the economies would fall and would create a doom for us all. The current situation of this world is awful and the world population is in dire need to be taught the perfect way to exist. They need to understand the situation and analyse them on their own to realize how important it is to save the planet and its inheritance from the horrors of overpopulation. 

As a conclusion to the research I would like to inform the readers that the result that came out to be was not at all shocking, each and every source except exactly two out of thousands said that overpopulation is negative. Through the research, it can be clearly seen that overpopulation has had a negative impact all over the world and is creating a doom for the humans. Each article in their own way mentioned one clear fact that overpopulation is negative and that there is no possible solution to cure this problem. Overpopulation has been called as cancer for the world and informs people to start thinking about this problem and to start preparing for a dark if the world continues to stay in the same condition as of now. What I think of overpopulation is that there is no need for it to persist in the society. Overpopulation has caused the world and its economies to fall in numerous ways and has caused nothing but disasters in the world. It is the main cause of climate change, the main cause to declining economies, the main cause to depletion of resources and the main cause to most of the problems that exist in the world. People should be made aware of this problem and should be asked to educate other people about this topic. According to me people should understand the magnitude of this problem and should start working in favour of the mankind. Each soul present on earth should work to control the world population this will result in a better place to live for us and for our future generations. 
