
Global warming is an environmental concern that keeps striking the heads of humans often every month. It has developed as one of the biggest fear in the last two decades. Global warming is defined as a steady escalation in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere and its oceans (Bradford, 2014). Global warming is increasing the occurrence and concentration of intense weather and climatic changes. The factors that are mainly reliable for the upswing in global warming by human activities are deforestation, pollution, industrialization etc. Earth’s temperature and climate patterns are changing vigorously? But, humans aren’t aware of it, they think they have other concerning factors that they should resolve. Climate change is expressed as a change in the global and regional patterns of climate that is recognized mainly the augmented levels of CO2 produced by the fossil fuels that has become the primary energy factor (Google Search). The climate changes are essentially caused by greenhouse effect and rise in the temperatures primarily due to human activities such as industrialization, deforestation, burning of fossil fuels and pollution. The amount of carbon in the atmosphere or that is emitted by man-made activities are trapped and congested that causes the surface temperature of the Earth to heat up. Many scientists and researchers revealed that climate change is occurring at a brisk rate than one could have ever thought. Changes in climate patterns lead to the collapsing of ocean currents and coral reefs, intense heat waves, melting of glaciers in Arctic and Antarctic, the threat to animals and humans lives.

Consequently, climate change is leading to the disassembling of the ocean streams and reefs of coral. The surface temperatures in the North Atlantic Ocean was dropped by 4.3 degrees Fahrenheit that led to the cooling of Northwest Europe with air temperatures dropping as much as 12.6 degrees (Weisberger, 2017). According to the sources and various researchers, scientists could draw conclusions that the movement and flow of the stream in Atlantic is being affected by climatic changes. These changes can lead to severe storms and showers that cycle around the Earth. The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) is an important component of the Earth's climate system, are becoming less stable to help control the Earth’s climate and circulate warm water than what the researchers once thought. Furthermore, after many observations and reports of the ocean currents the scientists have recorded the levels of it that are used in the model of AMOC will be exaggerated and will get even harder to predict earth from future risks. Thus, this overestimation will cause various catastrophic disasters that were never experienced such as strong winds, tsunami, rainfall patterns and climatic changes. Moreover, increase in the carbon emissions in the atmosphere devastates the coral reefs of the oceans. According to Researchers, the intensifying carbon released by humans and burning of fossil fuels will help in ruining the reef of corals by growing more seaweed that is toxic in nature (Robertson, 2017). A study that was conducted on the Heron Island with reef and chemical ecology experts from the University of Queensland and the US, predicted that the releases would drastically damage corals by 2050 and destroy them by 2100. A Griffith University study, on the Great Barrier Reef, has disclosed how uprising CO2 emissions prompt more potency in chemicals from “weed-like” algae that destroy the corals as they strive for space. Due to this, coral reefs are under threat in the coming years. This could lead to the demolition of the aquatic plants and animals deep inside the ocean. Hence, a climate change is primary factor for the ocean currents to change the stream leading to natural calamities and killing of the coral reefs. This should matter to humans because the plants and animals will die if it progresses. There would be no seafood and sea creatures. As the Earth is covered by 70% of water, it is the responsibility of humans to save it. 

Indeed, climate change intensifies the temperature and heats the Earth. The temperature in the atmosphere is heated up because of the CO2 emissions that are released by humans and burning of fossil fuels causing the escalation in the temperatures. 2016 was the hottest year recorded ever, that was revealed by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). In NASA’S conference meet, Gavin Schmidt, the director of Goddard Institute for Space Studies in New York, assumed that they had observed the heat throughout the globe and they said that they found different estimates from various explorations of data about the warming of Arctic (Lewin, 2017). NASA and NOAA have recorded the estimates of the Earth’s temperatures from past 20 years and they release independent investigation of global temperatures and that came to the same assumption that 2016 was likely the hottest year on record, followed by 2015 and then 2014. To measure global temperatures, NASA uses data from 6,300 weather stations, Antarctic research stations, and ships that amount sea surface temperature and then it analyzes it individually and examines Arctic change inversely. NASA and NOAA scientists exhibited that the mean Earth temperature for this year was 1.78 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than that of the 20th-century mean (Average Temperature- mean) (Lewin, 2017). This is dangerous because rising in heat may lead to deaths of human life and animals, uneven rainfall distribution and it affects the agriculture. Moreover, the spike in temperature is also seen in Arctic. The intense heat in the Arctic over the past two months has alarmed the scientists. Scientists revealed that in mid-November, Arctic was more than 35 degrees Fahrenheit hotter than average, and at the poles, the mean temperatures were 23 degrees above normal. The scientists and researchers said that they would watch the summer of 2017 carefully (Fountain, 2016). They cautioned that high temperatures may lead to record-low ice coverage next summer and if this warming causes for more years then this is a big threat for citizens and animals existing here. Due to the fact that the temperatures in Arctic are fluctuating it is extremely life threatening to the polar bears, seals, whales and humans who reside there. This might even instigate melting and breaking of ice shelves. Thus, climate change is impacting Earth’s surface temperatures and Arctic. The Earth temperature is rising and its serious concern for animals and humans. If humans emit the harmful gases into the atmosphere then in upcoming future there would be no survival on Earth. 

Nevertheless, climatic changes in the atmosphere since past 20 years caused the rise in the temperatures that led to melting down and cracking of ice shelves and glaciers in ice regions. The main affected area due to the global warming and intense heat is Arctic and Antarctic. A crack in an ice shelf of Antarctica grew about 17 miles in the past two months. Scientists are concerned that it is getting near to a full disruption. The crack has developed by the length of about 5 football turfs each day. According to Project Midas, a research team that has been examining the crack since 2014, says that this crack is going to break and will end up creating the crack in one of the largest icebergs ever recorded (Patel, 2017). This collapse may not affect global sea level rise but may result in the destruction of other susceptible ice shelves. It is harmful to animals such as polar bears, whales, penguins as well as humans. Because, if the ice coverage is gone there would be less habitat for animals to survive and the melting of glaciers even causes the rise in water level and that can lead to flooding of water into coastal areas and tsunamis. So, due to the rise of temperatures in the atmosphere, leads to melting snow coverage and causing many glaciers to breakdown. Antarctica shelf has developed by the length of about 5 football turfs each day that is a lot. This might cause the other glaciers to crack and collapse. However climate change has also affected Montana’s Glacier National Park, Only about 25 glaciers are found bigger than 25 acres, but once there were 150 glaciers, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. This melting of glaciers and ice coverage may lead to the rise in sea temperatures. According to World Meteorological Organization in 2014, the sea level is accelerated .12 inches per year on average worldwide. This is around twice more than the average annual rise of .07 inches in the twentieth century (Bradford, 2014). So, scientists and researchers have estimated the average surface water level to be increased by .07 inches but now because of the rising heat and melting of glaciers the water is expected to rise .12 inches per year worldwide. No doubt, if the meltdown is still in place for about 5-10 years then this turns out to be hazardous to the people and their property that are in the coastal areas. This melting and cracking of glaciers could end up outrageously dangerous to the other glaciers and less ice coverage in ice regions such as Arctic and Antarctic and will probably flood the coastal areas by an upsurge in the sea level rise. It is a huge loss and fatal for the people living on islands and shores. There would be no human living in coastal areas and everyone will move to other places. The animals that live in Arctic and Antarctic would be extinct as they can live in a place where there is no ice coverage. It is not fair, because of human’s innocent animals are affected. 

In addition, climate changes are obvious in affecting the lives of humans and creatures living on Earth. Due to the upswing of temperatures and heat, it is affecting humans and plants in various means such as deaths and disturbing the habitats. Ultimately, Environmental change has an imperative role for almost every part of life on Earth, and its impacts are now being felt. Species with long life cycles and slow distribution are susceptible. Arctic and alpine species are now isolated as they are nowhere to go because of the rising heat their habitat is getting smaller and causing deaths. Coastal species will be disturbed between human settlements and rising water levels. Some plant communities may be lost as they are not susceptible to abrupt rise and fall of temperatures (Climate Change and Plants, 2017). Climate change is a menace to farming and polluted air affects our health in different ways. Climate change in atmosphere is affecting crops by making them struggle with these short- term temperatures revealed by the scientists. Some parts of the world will get even dryer and the crops production patterns may change and it is a huge loss to farmers as they don’t know whether to yield the crops or not. Agriculture in many means such as alteration in rainfall patterns and the surface gets warmer. Finally, if the temperatures and climate change are not controlled then this might lead to the death of plants, vegetation and forest coverage that turns out to be unsafe as plants are the primary source that controls the carbon emissions and if the plants are not protected, then Earth is all done. Humans can’t survive on Earth by 2100 if the temperatures are rising as now, then it becomes hard for animals and humans to control. Temperatures will rise even more in coming years and lead to the death of humans. Therefore, climate change is affecting human population in many ways. It impacts human health and agriculture. The Hottest/Coldest and Wettest/Driest Day of the year projections are changing significantly. Human deaths due to immense heat have been increased from the past. During the 1995 Chicago Heat Wave, there was an average of about 700 deaths in a year (Climate Impacts on Human Health, 2017). The heat wave in India, in May 2015 was hit by severe heat wave causing 2,500 deaths in different regions (2015 Indian Heat Wave). 2016 estimates are not out yet. This can even trigger changes in allergens, asthma and other respiratory diseases. In addition to this, the report that was revealed by WHO in 2014 has given the leading causes of deaths worldwide in the year 2012. Relatively, deaths of humans due to heat strokes stood at the second place revealing 6.7 million deaths (Andrew, 2017). If the temperature increases in the upcoming years then it can be predicted easily that there would be many deaths. So, this proves that how climate change is affecting humans and plants.

Though many people think climate change is happening by itself and there is no involvement of human on it, which is not true, the primary factor of the rise in temperatures is by humans. Humans burn the fossil fuels, cut down the trees and reduce the forest coverage and the smog that are released from industries and vehicles. These causes the expansion of carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Some researchers say that climate change has done more good than bad as of now. They say global warming is good for agriculture, fewer winter mortalities, possibly fewer droughts, and biodiversity. They revealed that humans are ecologically and economically harming. To counter these arguments, NASA and NOAA have recently revealed that 2016 was the hottest year ever recorded and followed by 2015 and 2014. They even predicted that heat might even increase in future years. Deaths of humans in 2012, according to a report exhibited by WHO was 6.7 million due to heat strokes. It is assumable that these deaths will escalate in coming years. Many plants and animals are getting extinct due to the heat and melting of ice due. Arctic and Antarctic is experiencing most of the global warming. The ice is melting and breaking down causing the coastal areas flooding and extinction of animals such as pandas, whales, and seals. If bleaching continues then we could presume that in future years the coral life will no longer exist. Ice belts and sheets are going to break in Arctic and Antarctic Circle might become ice-free. Hurricanes and tornadoes will become stronger and penetrating than ever seen. Therefore, climate change should be controlled as soon as possible if not this could even get worse. 

Undoubtedly, Climate change is one of uprising problem that earth is facing. It is disturbing many lives and impacting us directly as well as indirectly. The problems that I addressed can be controlled and prevented before it gets even worse. The changes that one should take as a citizen, is to save and consume the power that uses fossil fuels and projects that emit harmful gases, plant more trees it would clean up the carbon emissions in the atmosphere. Use pollution free commutation and educate future generations to be precautious.  We can get involved in the fight against climate change and show people and make them aware of its causes. Mainly we should forego the burning of fossil fuels such as coal, oil. We should use vehicles that use compressed natural gas (CNG). Be efficient and have less meat that would also control the climate change. Stopping deforestation is an important factor to prevent. Mostly use renewable power than fossil. Lowering your waste and gases from industries. By taking these precautionary steps we can stop the climate change from getting worse. Above all, it is important for us to take the steps mentioned because the future generations will face bad time. We want our future generations to be happier, safer and healthier right? This subject should matter for every human, as it is problematic to his or her lives and ecological imbalance. Some people think that there more concern that humans should be concerned about. But, if this problem continues then we won’t have any food left whether it may be agriculture or seafood. It is hard for future generations to survive. This isn’t good. Some people may think that transportation that is suitable to the environment is expensive or smaller. Nevertheless, humans and animals can be safe and they can stop emitting harmful gases into the atmosphere. We must start thinking bigger and keeping future in mind. So, we should make sure that everyone is conscious of the consequences and this research should matter them a lot. 

Climate change is not truly known by everyone. People think it is caused by itself and there is no involvement of humans in changing patterns. From the past 20 to 30 years, we could observe many changes in temperatures and natural disasters. Climate change is affecting humans and plants; it is disturbing the ocean currents that lead to unusual flooding and rainfall, the heat waves are getting more intensified, the breakdown of glaciers will cause in sea level rise. To conclude, climate change should be taken as an awareness topic and make everyone know about the consequences that future generation and we will have to go through. It is good for us to start implementing the precautionary measures to control the climate change as soon as possible. Let us take a step towards the control of climate changes for our better future. Be a responsible citizen.
