In the article, "For Colleges, 'Free' Is about Much More Than Money," Kevin Carey uses Cooper Union as an example of free universities dating back to 1859; however, a new building was built using a $175 million loan and to pay it back, Cooper University raised tuition, going from being free to $20,000 per year. This university was founded by Peter Cooper who had the vision for free higher education and was willing to achieve his dream and help his society. Peter Cooper is a real example of how a normal citizen can help his society. Therefore, having free higher education is possible especially when government, leaders, local people, and companies work together. He uses the three appeals logos, ethos and pathos to support the idea that for students the word free means more than just money.

Carey uses logos to illustrate logical aspects of how free tuition affects students, presenting many stories and opinions of students, which is fairly effective. In using that appeal, the argument was persuasive because the author gives some opinions of students who studied at a free tuition college and he shows that when free higher education is provided, there will be millions of students who will benefit from this opportunity, which will be worth much more than cost by giving facts. The author is effective in his use of that appeal, because logos is a logical appeal that the writer uses reasons and evidences (Carolina Rhetoric 13), which is what he talks to clarify his argument. He uses this evidence to demonstrate a university that had to have free tuition in the US, which is kind of a weird thing for Americans to know about because they used to have tuition. Through a deductive reasoning, he gives sort of solution to have back the ideal of free college. However, his claims are supported with evidences that give more understanding for his claims. The logic to the argument is that Carey said: "Americans are paying more for higher education than citizens of comparable nations, with no discernible in return", which is putting together to shows that students are spending much money just to have higher education and it needed to be free because of that reason. Logos is connected with the other appeals; ethos and pathos by giving logical reasons then supported it with pathos or ethos. Logos is connected with pathos because even though in the previous example it is student's opinions, it could be logos too. Also Logos helps the other appeals because when the author gives facts about Cooper Union he supported it with another appeal that is pathos, when he mentions Kevin Slavin's opinion who is a graduated student who studied in that college when it was free, and a trustee with college, with these appeals he illustrates the text.  

Ethos is another appeal that Carey uses [when he  ... Don't just stop with an observation. Continue on to tell your reader how/why the author uses this appeal]. Ethos is when the rhetor persuades by means of his or her character or credibility (The Carolina Rhetoric, 13). The text demonstrates its authority by carrying student's opinion about having a free tuition that makes the author's argument strong. it is just opinion but these opinions, especially Kevin Slavin's opinion who is an alumnus and a trustee, help to let the reader believe what is written. Also the text shows its authority because it is about a school who experienced a free tuition and now it is not free. So for example, when Americans hear about free colleges it seems to them a weird thing.

 However, the situated text is "Kevin Carey is director of the education-policy program at the New America Foundation"(Carey). Peter Cooper is a reliable source because he founded Cooper Union and made it without paying tuition. The invented text is how the author uses a lot of evidence to support his points, which shows me that he is knowledgeable about the topic. The author illustrates the goodwill and virtue by including the opinions of students who went to Cooper Union. By doing so, he recognizes the good feelings everyone had when the school was free. Nowadays, the effect that free tuition for higher education is that most of Americans will see that is a weird thing to know and it effects that requiring payment for college could effect on college student's ambition and on the good high school students it may not let the achieve their goals because they do not have the ability to pay.  

Pathos is also another appeal that the author used. Pathos is when the rhetor persuades by playing upon the listener or reader's emotion (The Carolina Rhetoric 13). From the article, the graduated student from Cooper Union Kevin Slavin says: 

I didn't go because it was free for me. I chose Cooper Union because it was free for everyone. And anyone who actually experienced that knows that the only way to jeopardize the quality of the education there is to charge for it.  ...  'Free' affects far more than a fiscal bottom line. It affects the intentions, behavior, ambition, and performance of everyone in the system. 

The author uses Kevin Slavin's opinion to make me want free education to everyone. Since it not free for everyone any more people will feel angry. This text also makes me feel sad and seem to be a fair thing because I think that paying tuition all around the world especially for Americans because they pay more in education. It is not a good thing because some good students cannot afford the tuition which leads them to stay home and not study therefore it will effect on the economy of the country by increasing the unemployment rate. From the text it intended to be felt sorry and change it to be free but it not much effecting. The imaginary that is used is kind of ineffectively. This appeal as I think is very important because it has feelings and this appeal could change the point of view just from saying simple words and sometimes the reader feels like it touch their feelings.  

